{"id":8454,"date":"2016-12-01T01:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-11-30T17:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/swarma.org\/%swarma-paper%\/"},"modified":"2018-12-06T00:47:31","modified_gmt":"2018-12-05T16:47:31","slug":"%e6%97%b6%e9%97%b4%e7%89%87%ef%bc%9a%e6%84%9f%e7%9f%a5%e7%9a%84%e6%8c%81%e7%bb%ad%e6%97%b6%e9%97%b4%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%ef%bc%9f-%e5%a4%8d%e6%9d%82%e6%96%87%e6%91%98%e7%bf%bb%e8%af%91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=8454","title":{"rendered":"\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\uff1a\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f | \u590d\u6742\u6587\u6458\u7ffb\u8bd1"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u5982\u4f55\u6765\u5448\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6f14\u5316\uff1f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u8111\u6e38\u620f\u63a2\u7d22\u91cf\u5b50\u901f\u5ea6\u6781\u9650\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u96c6\u667a\u590d\u6742\u6587\u6458\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5c0f\u7ec4\u4e3a\u4f60\u5448\u73b0\u65b0\u9c9c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5185\u5bb9\uff01<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\uff08Detection of timescales in evolving complex systems\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


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April 14, 7:43 PM<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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BY Richard K. Darst, Clara Granell, Alex Arenas, Sergio G\u00f3mez, Jari Saram\u00e4ki, Santo Fortunato<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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Most complex systems are intrinsically dynamic in nature. The evolution of a dynamic complex system is typically represented as a sequence of snapshots, where each snapshot describes the configuration of the system at a particular instant of time. Then, one may directly follow how the snapshots evolve in time, or aggregate the snapshots within some time intervals to form representative “slices” of the evolution of the system configuration. This is often done with constant intervals, whose duration is based on arguments on the nature of the system and of its dynamics. A more refined approach would be to consider the rate of activity in the system to perform a separation of timescales. However, an even better alternative would be to define dynamic intervals that match the evolution of the system’s configuration. To this end, we propose a method that aims at detecting evolutionary changes in the configuration of a complex system, and generates intervals accordingly. We show that evolutionary timescales can be identified by looking for peaks in the similarity between the sets of events on consecutive time intervals of data. Tests on simple toy models reveal that the technique is able to detect evolutionary timescales of time-varying data both when the evolution is smooth as well as when it changes sharply. This is further corroborated by analyses of several real datasets. Our method is scalable to extremely large datasets and is computationally efficient. This allows a quick, parameter-free detection of multiple timescales in the evolution of a complex system.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/span>http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1604.00758<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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 (Time Slices: What Is the Duration of a Percept?)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


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PLOS April 14, 11:49 PM<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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BY Michael H. Herzog, Thomas Kammer,  Frank Scharnowski<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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(Translated by -dan)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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We experience the world as a seamless stream of percepts. However, intriguing illusions and recent experiments suggest that the world is not continuously translated into conscious perception. Instead, perception seems to operate in a discrete manner, just like movies appear continuous although they consist of discrete images. To explain how the temporal resolution of human vision can be fast compared to sluggish conscious perception, we propose a novel conceptual framework in which features of objects, such as their color, are quasi-continuously and unconsciously analyzed with high temporal resolution. Like other features, temporal features, such as duration, are coded as quantitative labels. When unconscious processing is \u201ccompleted,\u201d all features are simultaneously rendered conscious at discrete moments in time, sometimes even hundreds of milliseconds after stimuli were presented.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a <\/span>http:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosbiology\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pbio.1002433<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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Exploring the quantum speed limit with computer games<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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Nature 532, 210\u2013213 (14 April 2016) April 15, 6:57 PM<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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BY Jens Jakob W. H. S\u00f8rensen, Mads Kock Pedersen, Michael Munch, Pinja Haikka, Jesper Halkj\u00e6r Jensen, Tilo Planke, Morten Ginnerup Andreasen, Miroslav Gajdacz, Klaus M\u00f8lmer, Andreas Lieberoth & Jacob F. Sherson<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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\u4eba\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f62\u6210\u4f4e\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u89e3\u51b3\u5177\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u516c\u6c11\u79d1\u5b66\uff08citizen science\uff0c\u76f4\u8bd1\u4e3a\u516c\u6c11\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f5c\u516c\u4f17\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u7fa4\u667a\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c<\/span>\u6216\u79f0\u4f17\u5305\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u5411\u975e\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u7fa4\u63d0\u51fa\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u5f00\u53d1\u8be5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u3002\u201c\u6e38\u620f\u5316\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5728\u975e\u6e38\u620f\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u8fd0\u7528\u6e38\u620f\u5143\u7d20\u2014\u2014\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u516c\u6c11\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u516c\u6c11\u79d1\u5b66\u6e38\u620f<\/span>\u4eba\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f62\u6210\u4f4e\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u89e3\u51b3\u5177\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u516c\u6c11\u79d1\u5b66\uff08\u6216\u79f0\u4f17\u5305\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u5411\u975e\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u7fa4\u63d0\u51fa\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u5f00\u53d1\u8be5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u3002\u201c\u6e38\u620f\u5316\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5728\u975e\u6e38\u620f\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u8fd0\u7528\u6e38\u620f\u5143\u7d20\u2014\u2014\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u516c\u6c11\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u516c\u6c11\u79d1\u5b66\u6e38\u620fFoldit\u3001EteRNA\u548cEyeWire\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u548cRNA\u7684\u6298\u53e0\u4ee5\u53ca\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5f53\u4e2d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u6e38\u620f\u5316\u5c1a\u672a\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u79fb\u52a8\u6e38\u620f\uff08Quantum Moves\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u6e38\u620f\u5316\u7684\u5728\u7ebf\u5e73\u53f0\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u73a9\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6218\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u96be\u9898\u3002\u73a9\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7eaf\u6570\u503c\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u5931\u8d25\u4e4b\u5904\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u6df1\u523b\u800c\u666e\u9002\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u3002\u51ed\u501f\u73a9\u5bb6\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u591a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u660e\u663e\u4f18\u4e8e\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u6570\u503c\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6570\u503c\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff08\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u76f8\u5173\uff09\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u4f18\u666f\u89c2\u7684\u4f4e\u7ef4\u6e32\u67d3\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u63ed\u793a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f20\u7edf\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u63a5\u8fd1\u91cf\u5b50\u901f\u5ea6\u6781\u9650\uff08\u5373\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4fdd\u771f\u5ea6\u7684\u6700\u77ed\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\uff09\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u5c06\u666f\u89c2\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u6c42\u89e3\u7b56\u7565\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u4e43\u81f3\u66f4\u591a\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6c42\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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Humans routinely solve problems of immense computational complexity by intuitively forming simple, low-dimensional heuristic strategies. Citizen science (or crowd sourcing) is a way of exploiting this ability by presenting scientific research problems to non-experts. \u2018Gamification\u2019\u2014the application of game elements in a non-game context\u2014is an effective tool with which to enable citizen scientists to provide solutions to research problems. The citizen science games Foldit, EteRNA and EyeWire have been used successfully to study protein and RNA folding and neuron mapping, but so far gamification has not been applied to problems in quantum physics. Here we report on Quantum Moves, an online platform gamifying optimization problems in quantum physics. We show that human players are able to find solutions to difficult problems associated with the task of quantum computing. Players succeed where purely numerical optimization fails, and analyses of their solutions provide insights into the problem of optimization of a more profound and general nature. Using player strategies, we have thus developed a few-parameter heuristic optimization method that efficiently outperforms the most prominent established numerical methods. The numerical complexity associated with time-optimal solutions increases for shorter process durations. To understand this better, we produced a low-dimensional rendering of the optimization landscape. This rendering reveals why traditional optimization methods fail near the quantum speed limit (that is, the shortest process duration with perfect fidelity)7, 8, 9. Combined analyses of optimization landscapes and heuristic solution strategies may benefit wider classes of optimization problems in quantum physics and beyond.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttp:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/113\/15\/3932.abstract<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\u7279\u522b\u9e23\u8c22\uff1a<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u590d\u6742\u6587\u6458\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7b2c1\u671f<\/a>
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\u300a\u81ea\u7136\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5218\u6148\u6b23\uff1a\u300a\u4e09\u4f53\u300b\u5199\u4f5c\u3001\u7075\u611f\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5e7b<\/a><\/p>\n

\u5218\u5b87\u6606\u8bbf\u8c08 | \u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5e7b\u4e0e\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u827a\u672f<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n


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\"\u96c6\u667a\"\u8ba9\u82f9\u679c\u7838\u5f97\u66f4\u731b\u70c8\u4e9b\u5427\uff01<\/span>
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\u957f\u6309\u8bc6\u522b\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7801\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8\u96c6\u667aClub\uff0c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u79bb\u79d1\u5b66\u63a2\u7d22\u66f4\u8fd1\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u59cb\u53d1\u4e8e\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff1a \u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8 <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5982\u4f55\u6765\u5448\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6f14\u5316\uff1f \u611f\u77e5\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f \u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u8111\u6e38\u620f\u63a2\u7d22\u91cf\u5b50\u901f\u5ea6\u6781\u9650\uff1f \u96c6\u667a\u590d\u6742\u6587\u6458\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5c0f\u7ec4\u4e3a\u4f60\u5448\u73b0\u65b0\u9c9c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5185\u5bb9\uff01 \u8fdb\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u63a2\u6d4b  \uff08Detection of timescales in evolving complex systems\uff09 April 1…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8455,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[22],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8454"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8454"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8454\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8465,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8454\/revisions\/8465"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8455"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8454"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8454"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8454"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=8454"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}