{"id":8883,"date":"2016-10-18T01:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-10-17T17:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/swarma.org\/%swarma-paper%\/"},"modified":"2018-12-11T15:46:23","modified_gmt":"2018-12-11T07:46:23","slug":"%e6%b7%b7%e5%90%88%e5%9e%8b%e7%a4%be%e4%bc%9a%ef%bc%9a%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e8%87%aa%e7%bb%84%e7%bb%87%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e9%9b%86%e7%be%a4%e8%a1%8c%e4%b8%ba%e7%9a%84%e6%8c%91%e6%88%98%e5%8f%8a%e5%89%8d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=8883","title":{"rendered":"\u6df7\u5408\u578b\u793e\u4f1a\uff1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7cfb\u7edf\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6311\u6218\u53ca\u524d\u666f | \u590d\u6742\u6027\u6587\u6458"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u96c6\u667a\u590d\u6742\u6587\u6458\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5c0f\u7ec4\u4e3a\u4f60\u5448\u73b0\u65b0\u9c9c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5185\u5bb9\uff01<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u56fd\u5bb6\u536b\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u9662\uff08NIH\uff09\u5e94\u8be5\u7528\u62bd\u7b7e\u66ff\u6362\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u5ba1<\/strong>(Why the National Institutes of Health Should Replace Peer Review With a Lottery)<\/strong><\/p>\n


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PSMAGApril 11, 3:39 PM<\/span><\/p>\n

BY Michael White<\/span><\/p>\n

(Translated by – \u674e\u6609)<\/span><\/p>\n

edited by \u5085\u6e25\u6210<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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A major advantage of using a funding lottery would be that, by reducing its reliance on peer-review rankings, the NIH would have more room to address the urgent problem of bias. A suitably designed lottery system could help eliminate the small but persistent gender gap, and the larger racial gap in the funding it awards, by giving NIH officers more leeway to include a representative set of proposals. And importantly, a lottery would be an honest acknowledgement of what most scientists already sense: that, despite its reputation for basing decisions on merit, peer review is a much more random process than we would like to admit.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/psmag.com\/why-the-national-institutes-of-health-should-replace-peer-review-with-a-lottery-41d09bcce5d8?gi=cf38b8f1f21d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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Robotics and AI, April 11, 5:44 PM<\/p>\n

BY Heiko Hamann, Yara Khaluf, Jean Botev, Mohammad Divband Soorati, Eliseo Ferrante, Oliver Kosak, Jean-Marc Montanier, Sanaz Mostaghim, Richard Redpath, Jonathan Timmis, Frank Veenstra, Mostafa Wahby, Ale\u0161 Zamuda<\/p>\n

(Translated by -xiaomuqiu)<\/p>\n

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Hybrid societies are self-organizing, collective systems, which are composed of different components, for example, natural and artificial parts (bio-hybrid) or human beings interacting with and through technical systems (socio-technical). Many different disciplines investigate methods and systems closely related to the design of hybrid societies. A stronger collaboration between these disciplines could allow for re-use of methods and create significant synergies.We identify three main areas of challenges in the design of self-organizing hybrid societies. First, we identify the formalization challenge.There is an urgent need for a generic model that allows a description and comparison of collective hybrid societies. Second, we identify the system design challenge. Starting from the formal specification of the system, we need to develop an integrated design process. Third, we identify the challenge of interdisciplinarity. Current research on self-organizing hybrid societies stretches over many different fields and hence requires the re-use and synthesis of methods at intersections between disciplines. We then conclude by presenting our perspective for future approaches with high potential in this area.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/frobt.2016.00014\/full<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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PNASApril 13, 3:45 PM<\/p>\n

BY Steven L. Brunton, Joshua L. Proctor, and J. Nathan Kutz<\/p>\n

(Translated by -Darthy)<\/p>\n

(Edited by \u5510\u7490)<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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Extracting governing equations from data is a central challenge in many diverse areas of science and engineering. Data are abundant whereas models often remain elusive, as in climate science, neuroscience, ecology, finance, and epidemiology, to name only a few examples. In this work, we combine sparsity-promoting techniques and machine learning with nonlinear dynamical systems to discover governing equations from noisy measurement data. The only assumption about the structure of the model is that there are only a few important terms that govern the dynamics, so that the equations are sparse in the space of possible functions; this assumption holds for many physical systems in an appropriate basis. In particular, we use sparse regression to determine the fewest terms in the dynamic governing equations required to accurately represent the data. This results in parsimonious models that balance accuracy with model complexity to avoid overfitting. We demonstrate the algorithm on a wide range of problems, from simple canonical systems, including linear and nonlinear oscillators and the chaotic Lorenz system, to the fluid vortex shedding behind an obstacle. The fluid example illustrates the ability of this method to discover the underlying dynamics of a system that took experts in the community nearly 30 years to resolve. We also show that this method generalizes to parameterized systems and systems that are time-varying or have external forcing.<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttp:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/113\/15\/3932.abstract<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u56fd\u5bb6\u536b\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u9662\uff08NIH\uff09\u5e94\u8be5\u7528\u62bd\u7b7e\u66ff\u6362\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u5ba1\uff1f \u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u7a00\u758f\u8bc6\u522b\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u53d1\u6398\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u65b9\u7a0b\uff1f \u6df7\u5408\u578b\u793e\u4f1a\u662f\u5426\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7531\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1f \u96c6\u667a\u590d\u6742\u6587\u6458\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5c0f\u7ec4\u4e3a\u4f60\u5448\u73b0\u65b0\u9c9c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5185\u5bb9\uff01 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u56fd\u5bb6\u536b\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u9662\uff08NIH\uff09\u5e94\u8be5\u7528\u62bd\u7b7e\u66ff\u6362\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u5ba1(Why the National…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8884,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[27],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8883"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8883"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8883\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8899,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8883\/revisions\/8899"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8884"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8883"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8883"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8883"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=8883"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}