{"id":8926,"date":"2016-10-16T01:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-10-15T17:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/swarma.org\/%swarma-paper%\/"},"modified":"2018-12-11T21:07:46","modified_gmt":"2018-12-11T13:07:46","slug":"%e7%be%a4%e4%bd%93%e5%8a%a8%e5%8a%9b%e5%ad%a6%e4%b8%8e%e5%9b%a2%e9%98%9f%e7%9a%84%e6%88%90%e5%8a%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=8926","title":{"rendered":"\u7fa4\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e0e\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u6210\u529f"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n
\n
\n
Q<\/section>\n
\n
A<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
&<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n

\u590d\u6742\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u56e2\u961f\u52aa\u529b\u534f\u8c03\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u7136\u800c<\/span>\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u529f\u4e0e\u54ea\u4e9b\u8981\u7d20\u6709\u5173\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u53d7\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e60\u4fd7\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u4e9b\u4e0d\u53d7\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n
\u96c6\u667a\u590d\u6742\u6587\u6458\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5c0f\u7ec4\u4e3a\u4f60\u5448\u73b0\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5185\u5bb9\uff01<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n<\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
1<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

\u7406\u89e3\u7fa4\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e0e\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u6210\u529f<\/span><\/strong>
<\/p>\n

Understanding the group dynamics and success of teams<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n
From Royal Society Open ScienceApril 7, 6:57 PM<\/span><\/section>\n

By Michael Klug, James P. Bagrow<\/span><\/p>\n

(Translated by -\u732a\u54e5\uff0cEdited by \u5085\u6e25\u6210)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n
\u590d\u6742\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u56e2\u961f\u52aa\u529b\u534f\u8c03\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u6d88\u8017\u5927\u91cf\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u56e2\u961f\u5982\u4f55\u5f62\u6210\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u529f\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u5374\u56e0\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u3001\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5927\u7ea6150, 000\u4e2a\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u7ebf\u56e2\u961f\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u8f68\u8ff9\u548c\u6210\u529f\u6c34\u5e73\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5206\u6790\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u66f4\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f46\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u5728\u56e2\u961f\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u53ea\u662f\u7531\u5c11\u6570\u6210\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6700\u591a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u975e\u5e38\u6210\u529f\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u96c6\u4e2d\u7a0b\u5ea6\u663e\u8457\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u666e\u901a\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6210\u5458\u4f1a\u53c2\u4e0e\u66f4\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6210\u529f\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u6210\u5458\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6216\u201c\u9886\u5bfc\u201d\u3002\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u6210\u529f\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u3001\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\u3001\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u56e2\u961f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u6613\u6df7\u6dc6\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u56e2\u961f\u5e74\u9f84\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u975e\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u8d21\u732e\u7b49\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u7fa4\u4f53\u673a\u5236\u6bd4\u5982\u793e\u4f1a\u60f0\u5316\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u70b9\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u539f\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u5c3d\u529b\u914d\u5408\u4e0b\u53d6\u5f97\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
Complex problems often require coordinated group effort and can consume significant resources, yet our understanding of how teams form and succeed has been limited by a lack of large-scale, quantitative data. We analyse activity traces and success levels for approximately 150, 000 self-organized, online team projects. While larger teams tend to be more successful, workload is highly focused across the team, with only a few members performing most work. We find that highly successful teams are significantly more focused than average teams of the same size, that their members have worked on more diverse sets of projects, and the members of highly successful teams are more likely to be core members or \u2018leads\u2019 of other teams. The relations between team success and size, focus and especially team experience cannot be explained by confounding factors such as team age, external contributions from non-team members, nor by group mechanisms such as social loafing. Taken together, these features point to organizational principles that may maximize the success of collaborative endeavours.’<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1098\/rsos.160007<\/span><\/section>\n
\"\u96c6\u667a\"
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
2<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

\u5b9e\u65f6\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u793e\u4f1a\u4e60\u4fd7\u7684\u5f62\u6210 <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

The Formation of Social Conventions in Real-Time Environments<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

From PLoS ONE 11(3): e0151670.April 6, 12:25 AM
<\/span><\/section>\n

By Hawkins RXD, Goldstone RL\uff0cHawkins RXD<\/span><\/p>\n

(Translated by \u963f\u52fa\uff0cEdited by \u5085\u6e25\u6210\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u53d7\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e60\u4fd7\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u4e9b\u4e0d\u53d7\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u975e\u534f\u4f5c\u535a\u5f08\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u4e60\u4fd7\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\uff1a\u6bcf\u8f6e\u535a\u5f08\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\uff08\u540c\u65f6vs\u5b9e\u65f6\uff09\u548c\u4e92\u52a8\u65f6\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u6027\uff08\u9ad8vs\u4f4e\u56de\u62a5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff09\u3002\u4e3a\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u63d0\u5347\u535a\u5f08\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u516c\u5e73\u6027\uff0c\u73a9\u5bb6\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u540c\u6837\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\u5747\u8861\u70b9\u95f4\u9009\u62e9\u5176\u4e00\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u63a7\u5236\u4e92\u52a8\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u90a3\u4e9b\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u6bd4\u8d5b\u56de\u5408\u5185\u6301\u7eed\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u73a9\u5bb6\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u8feb\u540c\u65f6\u505a\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u73a9\u5bb6\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u5b9e\u65f6\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5747\u8861\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u968f\u8d4c\u6ce8\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u620f\u5267\u6027\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff1a\u5f53\u8d4c\u6ce8\u9ad8\u65f6\uff0c\u73a9\u5bb6\u884c\u4e3a\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u6bcf\u8f6e\u535a\u5f08\u4e2d\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u4fe1\u53f7\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5168\u65b0\u5206\u6790\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u524d\u4eba\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e2d\u6240\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u8fc7\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u5b83\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4ee5\u5185\u6216\u8005\u591a\u6b21\u5b9e\u9a8c\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u6e20\u9053\uff08social canalization\uff0c\u7f16\u8005\u6ce8\uff1a\u8ffd\u968f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u6d41\u98ce\u6c14\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5bfc\u81f4\u793e\u4f1a\u96c6\u4f53\u6001\u5ea6\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u3002\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5f53\u5b9e\u65f6\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u8d4c\u6ce8\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u73a9\u5bb6\u80fd\u534f\u540c\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u5f53\u8d4c\u6ce8\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u73a9\u5bb6\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5206\u4eab\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u538b\u529b\u5c31\u8d8a\u5927\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
Why are some behaviors governed by strong social conventions while others are not? We experimentally investigate two factors contributing to the formation of conventions in a game of impure coordination: the continuity of interaction within each round of play (simultaneous vs. real-time) and the stakes of the interaction (high vs. low differences between payoffs). To maximize efficiency and fairness in this game, players must coordinate on one of two equally advantageous equilibria. In agreement with other studies manipulating continuity of interaction, we find that players who were allowed to interact continuously within rounds achieved outcomes with greater efficiency and fairness than players who were forced to make simultaneous decisions. However, the stability of equilibria in the real-time condition varied systematically and dramatically with stakes: players converged on more stable patterns of behavior when stakes are high. To account for this result, we present a novel analysis of the dynamics of continuous interaction and signaling within rounds. We discuss this previously unconsidered interaction between within-trial and across-trial dynamics as a form of social canalization. When stakes are low in a real-time environment, players can satisfactorily coordinate \u2018on the fly\u2019, but when stakes are high there is increased pressure to establish and adhere to shared expectations that persist across rounds.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0151670<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\u590d\u6742\u6587\u6458\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4f5c\u54c1\u96c6\u9526<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u590d\u6742\u6587\u6458\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7b2c1\u671f<\/span><\/a>
<\/p>\n

\u590d\u6742\u6587\u6458\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7b2c2\u671f<\/a><\/span><\/h1>\n

\u590d\u6742\u6587\u6458\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7b2c3\u671f<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u300a\u81ea\u7136\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5218\u6148\u6b23\uff1a\u300a\u4e09\u4f53\u300b\u5199\u4f5c\u3001\u7075\u611f\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5e7b<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u7f16\u8f91\uff1awangting<\/span>\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"\u8ba9\u82f9\u679c\u7838\u5f97\u66f4\u731b\u70c8\u4e9b\u5427\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\"\u96c6\u667a\"
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\u957f\u6309\u8bc6\u522b\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7801\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8\u96c6\u667aClub\uff0c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u79bb\u79d1\u5b66\u63a2\u7d22\u66f4\u8fd1\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u59cb\u53d1\u4e8e\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff1a \u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8 <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Q A & \u590d\u6742\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u56e2\u961f\u52aa\u529b\u534f\u8c03\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u529f\u4e0e\u54ea\u4e9b\u8981\u7d20\u6709\u5173\u5462\uff1f \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u53d7\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e60\u4fd7\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u4e9b\u4e0d\u53d7\u5462\uff1f \u96c6\u667a\u590d\u6742\u6587\u6458\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5c0f\u7ec4\u4e3a\u4f60\u5448\u73b0\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5185\u5bb9\uff01 1 \u7406\u89e3\u7fa4\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e0e\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u6210\u529f Understanding the group dynamics and su…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8927,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8926"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8926"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8926\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8938,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8926\/revisions\/8938"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8927"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8926"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8926"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8926"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=8926"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}